April observances include esophageal, testicular cancers

April brings attention to several cancer awareness efforts that highlight prevention, early detection and the importance of ongoing research. 

Esophageal Cancer Awareness Month 

Esophageal cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Key risk factors include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, chronic acid reflux and Barrett’s esophagus. Common symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, chest pain and unexplained weight loss. Awareness encourages earlier evaluation and discussion of symptoms with a health care provider. 

Testicular Cancer Awareness Month 

Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in males ages 15 to 35. When detected early, the five-year survival rate is more than 95 percent. Monthly self-exams and prompt medical evaluation of lumps or changes can lead to early diagnosis and highly effective treatment. 

Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Month 

Head and neck cancers account for about 4 percent of all cancers in the United States. Many are linked to tobacco use, alcohol use and HPV infection. Symptoms can include a sore throat that does not go away, mouth sores, hoarseness and difficulty swallowing. Early detection can significantly improve outcomes.