Advanced Heart Failure

Main Content

Cardiac Amyloidosis

What is Amyloidosis?

Cardiac amyloidosis is a condition where abnormal proteins, known as amyloids, accumulate in the heart tissue. This buildup causes the heart muscle to become thick and stiff, making it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively.

There are two main types of cardiac amyloidosis:

  • AL (Light Chain) Amyloidosis: This type occurs when bone marrow produces abnormal light chains, which can accumulate in various organs, including the heart
  • ATTR (Transthyretin) Amyloidosis: This type involves the protein transthyretin, which can misfold and deposit in the heart. It can be hereditary or age-related

How is Amyloidosis diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests, blood work, and sometimes tissue biopsies.

What are the symptoms of Amyloidosis?

Symptoms of cardiac amyloidosis can include:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue
  • Swelling in the legs and abdomen
  • Irregular heart rhythms

How is amyloidosis treated?

The treatment for cardiac amyloidosis depends on the type and severity of the condition.

Common approaches include:

  • Medications
  • Targeted therapies
  • Procedures
  • Supportive Care